Homer: The earliest references to Hyperion are found in the Iliad and the Odyssey (eighth century BCE), where he is named in connection with Helios (sometimes as an epithet for the more important sun god). Discovered in 1848, it is unique due to its lopsided shape and irregular orbit. One of Saturn’s many moons is named for Hyperion. With novels including Hyperion and The Fall of Hyperion, the series centers on the fictional planet of Hyperion, a place of pilgrimage in an intergalactic civilization threatened by war and chaos. Hyperion was further appropriated by novelist Dan Simmons for his science-fiction/fantasy series The Hyperion Cantos. He also appears in the seventh episode of Xena: Warrior Princess and is a recurring character in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Olympians series. In the video game God of War: Chains of Olympus (2008), Hyperion is one of several Titans chained up in Tartarus. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, for example, he inspired works by Johann Hölderlin and John Keats. Hyperion has appeared in many popular representations of Greek mythology. Yet Hyperion’s actions during the conflict, and his eventual fate, are uncertain. At the end of the war, the Olympians cast the defeated Titans into Tartarus. There is little to no information on Hyperion’s role in the Titanomachy, the ten-year war between the Titans (led by Cronus) and the Olympians (led by Zeus). Hyperion is also mentioned in Homer’s epics (as Helios’ father) and in a handful of other ancient works, though these appearances did little to expand his mythos. Helios' mother Thea was often associated with heavenly bodies and other forms of light. Marble relief showing the sun god Helios with rays of sun as a crown (ca. In Hesiod’s Theogony, he was mentioned only in relation to other Titans or as the father of other gods:Īnd Theia was subject in love to Hyperion and bare great Helius (Sun) and clear Selene (Moon) and Eos (Dawn) who shines upon all that are on earth and upon the deathless Gods who live in the wide heaven. Much of Hyperion’s mythology has been lost to time. Despite their familial connections, these monsters were feared and reviled by the Titans. His siblings included the other Titans- Coeus, Crius, Iapetus, Mnemosyne, Oceanus, Phoebe, Rhea, Tethys, Thea, Themis, and Cronus-as well as more monstrous brethren, such as the one-eyed Cyclopes and the hundred-handed Hecatoncheires. Hyperion was the son of Gaia, the incarnation of the earth, and Uranus, the embodiment of the heavens. While Hyperion’s connections with the heavens are well documented, little else is known about him. The historian Diodorus of Sicily, probably inspired by this association, made the rationalizing claim that Hyperion was the first to study and comprehend astronomical phenomena. Hyperion was so closely associated with heavenly bodies that his children Helios and Selene were thought to embody the sun and the moon, respectively. His name may instead allude to his association with the heavens. ![]() Hyperiōn) was derived from the ancient Greek word meaning “high one.” Despite this lofty title, Hyperion does not appear to have ever held a position of power in the Greek mythos. The name “Hyperion” (Greek Ὑπερίων, translit.
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